Introduction

Combating climate change has become not only an environmental but also an economic and social imperative. Green transformation aims to reduce carbon emissions in production and consumption processes, increase resource efficiency and disseminate circular economy practices. In order for this transformation to be successful, it is critical for enterprises to have access to financial resources and technical support.

At this point, the supports provided at national and international level play an important role in the realisation of green projects and gaining competitive advantage.

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National Grants

In Turkey, support mechanisms are offered by various institutions to accelerate the green transformation processes of enterprises. TÜBİTAK provides funding for R&D projects focused on energy efficiency, renewable energy and carbon reduction. These supports make critical contributions to technology development and innovation processes.

KOSGEB, ‘Yeşil Sanayi Destek Programı’ ile KOBİ’lerin çevre dostu yatırımlarını desteklemekte, ayrıca KOBİGEL programı kapsamında dijitalleşme ve yeşil üretime yönelik çağrılar açmaktadır. Kalkınma Ajansları ise bölgesel kalkınma perspektifiyle hem mali hem de teknik destek programları yürütmektedir. Tarım ve kırsal kalkınma alanında IPARD programı %50–70 oranında hibe desteği ile öne çıkmaktadır.

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International Support

The European Union's Horizon Europe programme contributes to the development of green technologies by allocating billions of Euros to research and innovation projects. The World Bank offers low-interest loan packages that encourage decarbonisation in industry under the Green Industry Project.

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) provides approximately EUR 500 million to private sector enterprises in Turkey through its Green Economy Financing Facility (GEFF) fund. In addition, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the Global Environment Facility (GCF) support green transformation investments in developing countries.

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Contributions to Business

Green transformation supports provide financial and strategic benefits beyond the fulfilment of environmental responsibilities of enterprises. Thanks to these supports, enterprises can reduce their investment costs, gain competitive advantage in the EU market and increase their brand value.

In addition, it becomes possible to achieve long-term sustainability goals by saving energy, water and raw material costs.

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Conclusion

Green transformation supports play a critical role in preparing businesses for the future. Utilising national and international resources not only provides environmental benefits, but also ensures the long-term economic success of businesses.

Effective utilisation of these support mechanisms by Turkish enterprises is of great importance in terms of both gaining a global competitive advantage and contributing to sustainable development.

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Bibliography

European Commission. (2019). The European Green Deal. Brussels.
European Commission. (2021). Horizon Europe Work Programme 2021-2027. Brussels.
TÜBİTAK. (2025). Green Transformation Support Programmes. Ankara.
KOSGEB. (2024). Green Industry Support Programme Call Text. Ankara.
EBRD. (2024). Green Economy Financing Facility (GEFF) in Turkey. London.